Animal activists who go undercover to videotape abuse on farms and ranches could face criminal charges under proposals from Iowa and Nebraska lawmakers.

Legislators say the measures would prevent misleading campaigns that paint entire industries as corrupt.

Animal welfare groups say the proposals threaten their free-speech rights and would hinder efforts to expose animal abuse and neglect.

Democratic Sen. Joe Seng and Republican Sen. Tim Kapucian introduced the Iowa measure. It would make it illegal to gain access to an animal facility under false pretenses.

Sen. Tyson Larson of O'Neill filed the Nebraska bill.

It would require people who suspect animal abuse or neglect to report their suspicion to authorities within 12 hours.

They also would have to surrender all video, photo and audio evidence to investigators.